Known for its role in the American Revolutionary War, Philadelphia saw the convening of the Continental Congress as well as the writing of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. Shortly after the nation’s inception took place in Philadelphia, the city was named the nation’s capital, a role it filled from 1790 until 1800, when Washington, D.C. took over.

Benjamin Franklin, probably the city’s most famous resident, was responsible for the city’s alternative title, the “new Athens.” While Franklin’s most famous experiment dealt with the conducting of electricity, he was also responsible for the country’s first insurance company, the city’s first public library and the first fire department; Franklin also played a great role in establishing the city’s postal system as well as inventing new conveniences such as bifocal lenses and the Franklin Stove.

Philadelphia has seen its skyline and its name in lights throughout the years in such famous films as the “Rocky” series (the statue from “Rocky III” still stands prominently outside the Philadelphia Museum of Art), as well as films like namesake “Philadelphia” and many of Philadelphia native M. Night Shyamalan’s thrillers.

The Liberty Bell is right in the center of Philadelphia inside of a pavilion near Independence Hall. The Liberty Bell is a major piece in Philly’s history. It was rung to announce the news of the passage of the Catholic Emancipation Act of 1829 in Great Britain. John Sartain in his book, Reminiscences of a Very Old Man, claims the bell was cracked during this announcement: “The final passage of the Emancipation Act by the British Parliament is linked to a bit of Philadelphia history. On receipt of the news in Philadelphia the Liberty Bell in the tower of the State House was rung, and cracked in the ringing. When I was up in the tower in 1830, two years after, viewing the cracked bell for the first time, Downing, who was then the custodian of Independence Hall, told me of it and remarked that the bell refused to ring for a British Act, even when the Act was a good one.”

The Philadelphia area’s 6.2 million inhabitants comprise a diverse group of almost every nationality. Philadelphia’s primary cultural influences can be seen in its plethora of Irish pubs, the city’s Italian Market, the Chinatown District, and the Reading Terminal which plays host to a diverse crowd of merchants — from first-generation European and Asian immigrants to the area’s local Amish and Mennonite farmers.